Post by blackcrowheart on Apr 29, 2006 11:01:57 GMT -5
Natives & stroke (health)
American Indian and Alaska Native Heart Disease and Stroke Facts
• Heart Disease is the first and stroke the sixth leading cause of death
Among American Indians and Alaska Natives.*
• The heart disease death rate was 20 percent greater and the stroke
death rate 14 percent greater among American Indians and Alaska Natives
(1996–1998) than among all U.S. races (1997) after adjusting for
misreporting of American Indian and Alaska Native race on state death
certificates.*
• The highest heart disease death rates are located primarily in South
Dakota and North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Michigan.†
• Counties with the highest stroke death rates are primarily in Alaska,
Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, South Dakota, Wisconsin, and
Minnesota.†
• American Indians and Alaska Natives die from heart diseases at younger
ages than other racial and ethnic groups in the United States.
Thirty–six percent of those who die of heart disease die before age 65.‡
• Diabetes is an extremely important risk factor for cardiovascular
disease among American Indians.§
• Cigarette smoking, a risk factor for heart disease and stroke, is
highest in the Northern Plains (44.1%) and Alaska (39.0%) and lowest in
the Southwest (21.2%) among American Indians and Alaska Natives.¶
* Indian Health Service. Trends in Indian Health, 2000—2001. Rockville,
Maryland: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004.
† Casper ML, Denny CH, Coolidge JN, Williams GI Jr, Crowell A, Galloway
JM, Cobb N. Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke Among American Indians and
Alaska Natives. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Indian Health
Service, 2005. www.cdc.gov/cvh/library/aian_atlas/index.htm
‡ SS Oh, JB Croft, KJ Greenlund, C Ayala, ZJ Zheng, GA Mensah, WH Giles.
Disparities in Premature Deaths from Heart Disease—50 States and the
District of Columbia. MMWR 2004;53:121–25.
www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5306a2.htm
§ Howard BV, Lee ET, Cowan LD, et al. Rising tide of cardiovascular
disease in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Circulation.
1999;99: 2389–2395.
¶ CDC. Surveillance for health behaviors of American Indians and Alaska
Natives: findings from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System,
1997–2000. In: CDC Surveillance Summaries (August 1). MMWR 2003;52(No.
SS–7). www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5207a1.htm
CDC Activities to Reduce the Burden of Heart Disease and Stroke Among
American Indians and Alaska Natives
Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke Among American Indians and Alaska
Natives? - This atlas is the first in a series of atlases to focus on a
specific racial or ethnic group. It contains county level heart disease
and stroke mortality maps (1995–1999) as well as state level
surveillance data on heart disease and stroke risk factors (2001–2003).
This information can help health professionals and concerned citizens
tailor prevention policies and programs to communities with the greatest
burden and risk. Available at:
www.cdc.gov/cvh/library/aian_atlas/index.htm
CDC Funded State Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention Programs - ?CDC
currently funds health departments in 32 states and the District of
Columbia to develop, implement, and evaluate programs that promote
heart–healthy and stroke–free communities; prevent and control heart
disease, stroke, and their risk factors; and eliminate disparities among
populations. These programs emphasize the use of education, policies,
environmental strategies, and systems changes to address heart disease
and stroke in various settings and to ensure quality of care. The
programs in Alaska, Kansas, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska,
Oklahoma, Virginia, and Wisconsin are currently collaborating with
American Indian and Alaska Native communities. For more information,
visit www.cdc.gov/cvh/state_program/index.htm.
WISEWOMAN -?The WISEWOMAN program provides low–income, under insured and
uninsured women aged 40–64 years with chronic disease risk factor
screening, lifestyle intervention, and referral services in an effort to
prevent cardiovascular disease. CDC funds 15 WISEWOMAN projects, which
operate on the local level in states and tribal organizations. Projects
provide standard preventive services including blood pressure and
cholesterol testing, and programs to help women develop a healthier
diet, increase physical activity, and quit using tobacco. WISEWOMAN
funds two programs working with Alaska Native women as well as programs
serving American Indian women in Nebraska, Nevada, and South Dakota. For
more information, visit www.cdc.gov/wisewoman.
REACH 2010 - ?REACH 2010 is designed to eliminate disparities in
cardiovascular disease as well as immunizations, breast and cervical
cancer screening and management, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and infant
mortality. REACH 2010 supports community coalitions in designing,
implementing, and evaluating community–driven strategies to eliminate
health disparities. The activities of these community coalitions include
continuing education on disease prevention for health care providers,
health education and health promotion programs that use lay health
workers to reach community members, and health communications campaigns.
REACH funds core capacity building projects in American Indian and
Alaska Native communities in Albuquerque, NM; Oklahoma City and
Talihina, OK; Anchorage, AK; and Nashville, TN. For more information,
visit www.cdc.gov/reach2010.
For More Information
For more information on heart disease and stroke among American Indians
and Alaska Natives, visit the following Web sites.
? CDC's Cardiovascular Health Program?http://www.cdc.gov/cvh?
? Indian Health Service?http://www.ihs.gov?
? Native American Cardiology Program?
www.ihs.gov/medicalprograms/cardiology/card/index.cfm?
? American Heart Association*?http://www.americanheart.org?
? American Stroke Association*?http://www.strokeassociation.org?
? National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute?http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/
American Indian and Alaska Native Heart Disease and Stroke Facts
• Heart Disease is the first and stroke the sixth leading cause of death
Among American Indians and Alaska Natives.*
• The heart disease death rate was 20 percent greater and the stroke
death rate 14 percent greater among American Indians and Alaska Natives
(1996–1998) than among all U.S. races (1997) after adjusting for
misreporting of American Indian and Alaska Native race on state death
certificates.*
• The highest heart disease death rates are located primarily in South
Dakota and North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Michigan.†
• Counties with the highest stroke death rates are primarily in Alaska,
Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, South Dakota, Wisconsin, and
Minnesota.†
• American Indians and Alaska Natives die from heart diseases at younger
ages than other racial and ethnic groups in the United States.
Thirty–six percent of those who die of heart disease die before age 65.‡
• Diabetes is an extremely important risk factor for cardiovascular
disease among American Indians.§
• Cigarette smoking, a risk factor for heart disease and stroke, is
highest in the Northern Plains (44.1%) and Alaska (39.0%) and lowest in
the Southwest (21.2%) among American Indians and Alaska Natives.¶
* Indian Health Service. Trends in Indian Health, 2000—2001. Rockville,
Maryland: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004.
† Casper ML, Denny CH, Coolidge JN, Williams GI Jr, Crowell A, Galloway
JM, Cobb N. Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke Among American Indians and
Alaska Natives. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Indian Health
Service, 2005. www.cdc.gov/cvh/library/aian_atlas/index.htm
‡ SS Oh, JB Croft, KJ Greenlund, C Ayala, ZJ Zheng, GA Mensah, WH Giles.
Disparities in Premature Deaths from Heart Disease—50 States and the
District of Columbia. MMWR 2004;53:121–25.
www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5306a2.htm
§ Howard BV, Lee ET, Cowan LD, et al. Rising tide of cardiovascular
disease in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Circulation.
1999;99: 2389–2395.
¶ CDC. Surveillance for health behaviors of American Indians and Alaska
Natives: findings from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System,
1997–2000. In: CDC Surveillance Summaries (August 1). MMWR 2003;52(No.
SS–7). www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5207a1.htm
CDC Activities to Reduce the Burden of Heart Disease and Stroke Among
American Indians and Alaska Natives
Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke Among American Indians and Alaska
Natives? - This atlas is the first in a series of atlases to focus on a
specific racial or ethnic group. It contains county level heart disease
and stroke mortality maps (1995–1999) as well as state level
surveillance data on heart disease and stroke risk factors (2001–2003).
This information can help health professionals and concerned citizens
tailor prevention policies and programs to communities with the greatest
burden and risk. Available at:
www.cdc.gov/cvh/library/aian_atlas/index.htm
CDC Funded State Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention Programs - ?CDC
currently funds health departments in 32 states and the District of
Columbia to develop, implement, and evaluate programs that promote
heart–healthy and stroke–free communities; prevent and control heart
disease, stroke, and their risk factors; and eliminate disparities among
populations. These programs emphasize the use of education, policies,
environmental strategies, and systems changes to address heart disease
and stroke in various settings and to ensure quality of care. The
programs in Alaska, Kansas, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska,
Oklahoma, Virginia, and Wisconsin are currently collaborating with
American Indian and Alaska Native communities. For more information,
visit www.cdc.gov/cvh/state_program/index.htm.
WISEWOMAN -?The WISEWOMAN program provides low–income, under insured and
uninsured women aged 40–64 years with chronic disease risk factor
screening, lifestyle intervention, and referral services in an effort to
prevent cardiovascular disease. CDC funds 15 WISEWOMAN projects, which
operate on the local level in states and tribal organizations. Projects
provide standard preventive services including blood pressure and
cholesterol testing, and programs to help women develop a healthier
diet, increase physical activity, and quit using tobacco. WISEWOMAN
funds two programs working with Alaska Native women as well as programs
serving American Indian women in Nebraska, Nevada, and South Dakota. For
more information, visit www.cdc.gov/wisewoman.
REACH 2010 - ?REACH 2010 is designed to eliminate disparities in
cardiovascular disease as well as immunizations, breast and cervical
cancer screening and management, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and infant
mortality. REACH 2010 supports community coalitions in designing,
implementing, and evaluating community–driven strategies to eliminate
health disparities. The activities of these community coalitions include
continuing education on disease prevention for health care providers,
health education and health promotion programs that use lay health
workers to reach community members, and health communications campaigns.
REACH funds core capacity building projects in American Indian and
Alaska Native communities in Albuquerque, NM; Oklahoma City and
Talihina, OK; Anchorage, AK; and Nashville, TN. For more information,
visit www.cdc.gov/reach2010.
For More Information
For more information on heart disease and stroke among American Indians
and Alaska Natives, visit the following Web sites.
? CDC's Cardiovascular Health Program?http://www.cdc.gov/cvh?
? Indian Health Service?http://www.ihs.gov?
? Native American Cardiology Program?
www.ihs.gov/medicalprograms/cardiology/card/index.cfm?
? American Heart Association*?http://www.americanheart.org?
? American Stroke Association*?http://www.strokeassociation.org?
? National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute?http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/